If the sample is alkaline, this might suggest the infection with Proteus mirabilis. The infection with Proteus mirabilis can be diagnosed by taking a urine sample.
Has a characteristic fishy odor, due to the production of hydrogen sulfide gas.Proteus mirabilis has the following characteristics: The most common site of the disease is the genitourinary tract. Despite the increased risk for infection, this is not the most encountered nosocomial infections. In many cases, the medical staff is also affected by this bacterium.
PROTEUS MIRABILIS IN DOGS SKIN
As it was already mentioned, in hospitals, the bacteria will quickly colonize the skin of patients, and also the oral mucosa. The bacterium is also found in hospitals and in clinics that provide treatment on a long-term basis. In humans, it is generally found at the level of the intestinal tract, being part of the normal human intestinal flora. Proteus mirabilis is commonly encountered in water and soil. The kidney stones can reach impressive dimensions, leading to obstruction at the level of the renal system and even to renal failure.In case of chronically-ill patients or in those who stay in the hospital for prolonged periods of time, Proteus mirabilis can also lead to the appearance of the following health problems: pneumonia of the lungs, septicemia (generalized infection of the blood) and infection at the level of existent wounds. Even if the person is treated with antibiotics for the infection, the bacteria that is found on the kidney stones can lead to the reactivation of the infection. If the infection is not treated, the alkalinity will increase to very high levels and crystals are going to form, which are going to eventually become kidney stones. Urease is known to transform the urea into ammonia, hence the alkalinity of the urine. The infection with these bacteria depends on the defense mechanism of the host, meaning the immune system.The urine of the patients who suffer from infections with Proteus mirabilis becomes alkaline, as the bacterium produces urease in increased quantities. Proteus mirabilis is part of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is known that over 90% of the Proteus infections are caused by this particular bacterium (community-acquired infection). Antimicrobial resistance directly reflects the misuse of various antimicrobial agents, hence there is an urgent need for public education and control of antimicrobial usage in Nigeria.Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-negative and anaerobic bacterium, which upon laboratory analysis demonstrates swarming motility (coordinated translocation of the bacterial population across solid surfaces) and urease activity. The occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria in companion animals indicates a public health risk in terms of possibility of human contact with such pathogenic bacteria. The resistance of all the bacterial isolates to the twelve commonly used antibiotics in human and veterinary professions in Nigeria was very high, though the fluoroquinolones still prove to be effective. Most of the otitis cases were caused by polymicrobes than single bacterium. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the highest occurrence. A total of thirty-six bacterial isolates in five bacteria species namely, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Bacillus cereus were isolated. Results were presented in percentages, pie chart and tables. Bacteriological examinations of swab samples from the affected ears were done using standard methods, followed by invitro antibiotic sensitivity test by agar disk diffusion method using the Oxoid® antibiotic discs of the commonly used antibiotics in Nigeria. Ear swab samples were obtained from 22 dogs diagnosed with otitis externa based on physical examination of the ear canal and otoscopic examination. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence and the antibiotic resistance pattern of bacterial pathogens associated with otitis in dogs presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria. This has been associated with misuse of antibiotics thereby promoting the emergence of multi-resistant micro-organisms. Otitis is one of the most common infections in dogs.